Phenolic constituents from the leaves of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum

One (formosumone A, 1) new and fifteen (2–16) known phenolic compounds were isolated from the leaves of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorumm, a substitute for the popular bitter nail tea (“Kuding Tea”) generally used in Southeast Asia. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with literature data. Compound 1 possesses a rare scaffold of a flavanone coupled with a phloroglucinol moiety, representing the first example of such a scaffold from the Clusiaceae family. Among the isolates, toxyloxanthone B (11) and vismione D (12) were found to show remarkable anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells. Additionally, toxyloxanthone B (11) exhibited significant neuroprotective effect against β-amyloid_25–35 (Aβ_25–35)-induced cell viability decrease in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.     

三七NAC基因家族全基因组鉴定与表达分析

为明确三七Panax notoginseng NAC转录因子基因家族的分布、功能和结构,通过生物信息学分析法进行鉴定,对其理化特性、染色体位置和进化特征进行分析,并根据RNA-seq数据分析其家族成员的时空表达模式和受黑斑病菌Alternaria panax诱导后的表达情况。结果显示,三七中共有98个NAC基因家族成员,其编码蛋白质长度介于104～882个氨基酸之间,分子量在11.78～100.20 kD之间,等电点在4.12～9.75之间。这98个NAC基因家族不均匀地分布在三七的12条染色体上,其中1号染色体分布最多（16个）,而11号染色体上分布最少（1个）。三七NAC基因启动子区域存在与光响应、生长素响应、赤霉素响应及茉莉酸甲酯响应等相关的多种顺式作用元件。NAC基因在三七不同组织及根部不同发育时期均有表达,在受到黑斑病菌侵染的叶片中NAC部分基因家族成员显著上调表达。表明NAC基因家族在三七的生长发育和响应黑斑病菌侵染过程中具有重要作用。     

白芨药材中氨基酸和元素含量测定

目的:测定并比较珍稀濒危中药材白芨中氨基酸、元素和脂肪酸含量。方法:用氨基酸自动分析仪、等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP法)等测定白芨药材、样品中氨基酸、矿质元素等成分。结果:白芨药材中氨基酸和元素含量有明显差异。结论:药材性状及采集期与其中氨基酸和元素含量有密切的相关性。     

TNF-α基因表达量对大围山微型鸡及武定鸡股骨强度的影响

家禽骨质特性是家禽重要的经济性状指标,研究显示肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)对人类及动物骨代谢有显著影响。为了揭示影响家禽骨强度的主效基因,研究以体重较轻、体型较小的大围山微型鸡以及大型鸡种武定鸡为研究对象,和艾维因肉鸡作对比,通过检测骨强度以及骨骼中TNF-α基因的表达量,研究TNF-α基因的表达量对大围山微型鸡和武定鸡股骨强度的影响。结果显示,4~16周龄大围山微型鸡股骨强度均显著高于武定鸡和肉鸡(P0.05),且武定鸡股骨强度高于肉鸡;每一阶段大围山微型鸡股骨软骨中TNF-α基因m RNA表达量显著低于其它两个鸡种(P0.05);相关分析显示TNF-α基因的表达水平与股骨强度指标呈负相关。可见,TNF-α基因对家禽的骨强度有重要影响,是影响家禽骨强度的重要候选基因。     

云南地方栽培木豆群体数量性状变异分析

对云南省8个地方栽培木豆群体进行调查,对木豆株高、地径、冠幅、单株荚数、虫荚率、单株粒质量及百粒质量等数量性状变异进行分析,结果表明7个性状不论是群体间还是群体内个体间均存在丰富变异。性状相关性分析表明,单株粒质量与单株荚数呈高度正相关,与株高、地径呈弱正相关。单株荚数、虫荚百分率、百粒质量对产量构成贡献最大,通径系数分别为0．8551、-0．2374、0．1799。若将三个性状相结合,选择单株荚数多、粒大、虫荚少的单株,则后代产量可望有明显增加,有可能育成高产高抗虫性品种。     

西双版纳小叶丁香幼苗移植及生长量观察

云南西双版纳移栽小叶丁香一年的观察结果表明:选择好植地、采用旱季灌溉、幼苗遮荫等技术; 栽植2年生健壮苗木,能够保证有较高成活率和正常生长,实现小叶丁香的规模种植。     

云南省黄胸木蠹蛾的危险性评估

黄胸木蠹蛾是多种阔叶树种的重要蛀干害虫。为正确认识云南省黄胸木蠹蛾对林木所造成危害的危险性,加强管理,有效地控制该虫的危害和防止其进一步扩散蔓延,采用有害生物危险性分析(Pest R isk Analysis)的方法,对黄胸木蠹蛾在云南省的危险性进行了系统的定性与定量分析。通过综合评估,认为黄胸木蠹蛾在云南省属于中度危险性的森林有害生物。     

印楝实生苗年生长规律研究

研究了1年生印楝实生苗生长动态、苗木生物量积累与分配模式以及苗木生长与气象因子的关系,结果表明:印楝苗的年生长规律符合Logistic曲线特征,据此方程可以建立苗高、地径与生长时间的拟合模型,结合二次多项式对苗木连日生长量的动态模拟,可将苗木生长划分为4个阶段:出苗期、生长初期、速生期和生长后期,其中处于速生阶段苗木的高和地径生长量均超过全年总量的70%,地径处于生长初期阶段的时间短于苗高,但生长量占全年总量之比是苗高的2倍;苗木生物量积累与苗高和地径的相关性极为密切,其中地上部分生物量占全株的69.1%,全株含水量是干质量的1.58倍;在制约苗木生长节律的气象因子中,偏相关分析表明:温度是苗木生长的主导因子.     

中华松针蚧生物学特性与防治

中华松针蚧在云南宣威1 a发生1代,危害云南松,以2龄无肢若虫在针叶上越冬,3龄雄若虫3月上旬出现,并爬出蚧壳结茧化蛹,雄成虫4月上旬—5月中旬羽化,雌成虫4月上旬出现,4月中旬开始产卵,初孵若虫5月下旬—7月中旬孵化涌散。3月中旬、4月下旬、6月中旬为该虫最佳化学防治时期。     

Molecular diversity of binucleate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhizoctonia</Emphasis> AG-A in China

AG-A belongs to the binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) anastomosis group (AG) of the Ceratobasidium teleomorph, which parasitizes the roots of many plant species. Ninety nine isolate species of AG-A were obtained from Tibet, Sichuan, and Yunnan Province in China. All isolates were divided into three types based on their cultural characteristics. Type I: abundant aerial mycelia, dense hyphae, loose sclerotia; Type II: abundant aerial mycelia, no sclerotia. Type III: sparse aerial mycelium and no sclerotia. All of the isolates infected the seedlings of Chinese mustard and Chinese cabbage, causing the formation of lesions on the stem and a brown discoloration of the roots. Sequence analysis of the 5.8S rDNA-ITS showed a similarity of 98–100% among the isolates. Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) was used to detect genetic variation in binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. Forty two AG-A isolates were amplified using 15 random primers. From a total of 164 bands, 144 bands (87.8%) were polymorphic in the 42 tested isolates. A dendrogram showing genetic relationships between the isolates was constructed using unweighted pair-group averages based on genetic distances. According to the dendrogram, the 42 tested isolates could be aligned into three clusters with a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.29, the first clusters including 27 isolates with III of culture characteristics on PDA; the second clusters included eight isolates with I of cultural characteristics on PDA; the third cluster included seven isolates with II of cultural characteristics on PDA. The results of ISSR analysis showed an association between the hosts of these isolates. Our results showed that ISSR analysis can reveal more molecular variation among isolates of AG-A than sequence analysis using the 5.8S rDNA-ITS.